* format model : http://goo.gl/9fKed

    : a character literal that describes the format of datetime or numeric data stored in a character string

  

  * format elements


  * format model modifiers: toggle

    - fm (fill mode): no leading or trailing blanks in format elements

          <= TO_CHAR

    - fx (format exact): exact matching between the character data and the format model

          <= TO_DATE



  



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